Understanding Stamp Duty
Regional Differences
Stamp duty rates and thresholds vary across England, Wales, Scotland (LBTT), and Northern Ireland. Always check the correct region.
First-Time Buyer Relief
In England & Northern Ireland, first-time buyers pay 0% up to £300,000 and 5% up to £500,000 — no relief above £500,000. In Scotland, the nil-rate band is extended to £175,000. Wales has no FTB relief.
Additional Property
Buying a second home or buy-to-let? England & NI applies a 5% surcharge banded with standard rates. Scotland charges 8% ADS on the full price. Wales adds 4% HRTR on the full price.
Non-UK Residents
Non-UK residents face an additional 2% surcharge in England and Northern Ireland on top of all other stamp duty charges.
Payment Timeline
Stamp duty must be paid within 14 days of completion. Your solicitor typically handles this on your behalf.
Banded System
Stamp duty is calculated in bands - you only pay the higher rate on the portion of the property value that falls within each band.
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